Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium AIF1 / Iba1 (Microglia Marker)(AIF1/2493), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (also known as AIF1 or IBA1) is a cytoplasmic, calcium-binding protein that is thought to play a role in macrophage activation and function. AIF1, containing two EF domains, is induced by cytokines and Interferons. In an unstimulated state, AIF1 colocalizes with actin, and upon stimulation, translocates to lamellipodia. It is also a marker of human microglia and is expressed by macrophages in injured skeletal muscle. The gene encoding AIF1 resides in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cluster of genes, located in the region represented by the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific bac
Biotium Lewis Y (Tumor Marker) (A70-A/A9), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a carbohydrate epitope present on tumor-associated Lewis Y antigen (Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4/3GlcNAcbeta). Lewis Y is expressed in large bowel tumors and colorectal carcinomas. It may be useful in the classification of human renal and bladder tumors. The Lewis Y antigen has been evaluated as a clinical marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Tyrosinase (Melanoma Marker)(rOCA1/812), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a cluster of proteins between 70-80 kDa, identified as tyrosinase. Occasionally a minor band at 55 kDa is also detected. This MAb shows no cross-reaction with MAGE-1 and tyrosinase-related protein 1, TRP-1/gp75. Tyrosinase is a copper-containing metalloglycoprotein that catalyzes several steps in the melanin pigment biosynthetic pathway; the hydroxylation of tyrosine to L-3, 4-dihydroxy-phenylalanine (dopa), and the subsequent oxidation of dopa to dopaquinone. Mutations of the tyrosinase gene occur in various forms of albinism. Tyrosinase is one of the targets for cytotoxic T-cell recognition in melanoma patients. Staining of melanomas with this MAb shows tyrosinase in melanotic as well as amelanotic variants. This MAb is a useful marker for melanocytes and melanomas. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes
Biotium Calcineurin A / PPP3CA(CALNA/2353), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes the Calcineurin A alpha protein, encoded by the PPP3CA (Protein Phosphatase 3 Catalytic Subunit Alpha) gene. Calcineurin is an enzyme that dephosphorylates serine and threonine residues in proteins. It is a heterodimer of a 59 kDa catalytic A subunit and a 19 kDa regulatory B subunit that is activated by the binding of calcium ions and calmodulin. Calcineurin is expressed in many tissues, but its levels are highest in the brain, where it may play a role in learning and memory. It has many substrates, including NFAT, a transcription factor that is activated by dephosphorylation. Complexes of the immuno-suppressants cyclosporine and FK506 with immunophilin proteins such as cyclophilin and FKBP12 are potent and specific inhibitors of Calcineurin activity. Alterations in Calcineurin activity are suspected to play a role in cardiac hypertrophy and graft versus host disease in organ transplantation. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection
Biotium Glutathione S-Transferase Mu1 (GSTM1)(CPTC-GSTMu1-3), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes Glutathione S-Transferase of the mu class, which is involved in the detoxification of toxins, drugs, and products of oxidative stress by conjugation with glutathione. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Carbonic Anhydrase VIII(CPTC-CA8-2), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Carbonic anhydrase VIII (carbonic anhydrase 8) was named because of sequence similarity to other known carbonic anhydrase genes. However, the gene product lacks carbonic anhydrase activity (i. e. , the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide). The gene product continues to carry a carbonic anhydrase designation based on clear sequence identity to other members of the carbonic anhydrase gene family. Mutations in the gene cause neurological disorders in mice. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Topoisomerase II alpha (Proliferation & Drug-Resistance Marker) (TOP2A/1362), 1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a 170 kDa protein, which is identified as topoisomerase IIα. It shows no cross-reaction with topoisomerase IIβ or topoisomerase I. Topo IIα plays important roles in synthesis and transcription of DNA as well as chromosomal segregation during mitosis. It is reported to be a sensitive and specific marker of late S-, G2- & M-phases in transformed and developmentally regulated normal cells. Topo IIα is also implicated in drug resistance of tumor cells.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium MBD1 (Methyl-CpG Binding Domain Protein 1)(CPTC-MBD1-1), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins MECP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD). Each of these proteins, with the exception of MBD3, is capable of binding specifically to methylated DNA. MECP2, MBD1 and MBD2 can also repress transcription from methylated gene promoters. MBD1 has also been predicted to be involved in the development and progression of tumors, and it has been shown that MBD1 is significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues when compared with surrounding normal tissues. Furthermore, MBD1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S
Biotium Melanoma Associated Antigen (MAA)(MAA/1414), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The antibody reacts strongly with melanoma cells derived from cell lines and short-term cultures and reacts preferentially with melanoma cells in frozen tissue sections. The antibody can also be used to detect melanoma lesions in vivo. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) / CD66(C66/1260), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes proteins of 80-200 kDa, identified as different members of CEA family. CEA is synthesized during development in the fetal gut and is re-expressed in increased amounts in intestinal carcinomas and several other tumors. This MAb reacts with nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA). It shows no reaction with a variety of normal tissues and is suitable for staining of formalin/paraffin tissues. CEA is not found in benign glands, stroma, or malignant prostatic cells. Antibody to CEA is useful in detecting early foci of gastric carcinoma and in distinguishing pulmonary adenocarcinomas (60-70% are CEA ) from pleural mesotheliomas (rarely or weakly CEA ). Anti-CEA positivity is seen in adenocarcinomas from the lung, colon, stomach, esophagus, pancreas, gallbadder, urachus, salivary gland, ovary, and endocervix. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and pho
Biotium Ferritin, Light Chain (FTL) (Microglia Marker) (FTL/1387), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Mammalian ferritins consist of 24 subunits made up of 2 types of polypeptide chains, ferritin heavy chain and ferritin light chain. Ferritin heavy chains catalyze the first step in iron storage, the oxidation of Fe (II), whereas ferritin light chains promote the nucleation of ferrihydrite, enabling storage of Fe (III). Light chain ferritin is involved in cataracts by at least two mechanisms, hereditary hyperferritinemia cataract syndrome, in which light chain ferritin is overexpressed, and oxidative stress, an important factor in the development of ageing-related cataracts.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium EMI1(EMI1/1176), 0.2mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a 56 kDa protein, which is identified as Early Mitotic Inhibitor-1 (EMI1). It regulates mitosis by inhibiting the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC). Emi1 is a conserved F box protein containing a zinc-binding region essential for APC inhibition. The Emi1 protein functions to promote cyclin A accumulation and S phase entry in somatic cells by inhibiting the APC complex. At the G1-S transition, Emi1 is transcriptionally induced by the E2F transcription factor. Emi1 overexpression accelerates S-phase entry and can override a G1 block caused by overexpression of Cdh1 or the E2F-inhibitor p105 retinoblastoma protein (pRb). Depleting cells of Emi1 through RNA interference prevents accumulation of cyclin A and inhibits S phase entry.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF
Biotium CD268 / BAFFR / TNFRSF13C(BAFFR/1557), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Defects in TNFRSF13C are the cause of immunodeficiency common variable type 4 (CVID4) ; also called antibody deficiency due to BAFFR defect. CVID4 is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by antibody deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections and an inability to mount an antibody response to antigen. The defect results from a failure of B-cell differentiation and impaired secretion of immunoglobulins; the numbers of circulating B cells is usually in the normal range, but can be low. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Plakophilin-1 (PKP1) (10B2), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 75 kDa, identified as Plakophilin-1. Its epitope maps between aa 1-27 human Plakophilin-1. Plakophilins 1, 2, 3 and 4 (PKP1-4) influence development and participate in linking cadherins to cytoskeletal intermediate filaments. Plakophilins 1-4 contain arm-repeat (armadillo) domains and localize to nuclei and cell desmosomes (cell-cell junctions found in suprabasal layers of stratifying epithelia that undergo mechanical stress). Plakophilin 2 is important for desmosome assembly and is an essential morphogenic factor and architectural component of the heart.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye co
Biotium Chromogranin A(CGA414 + CGA/777 + CGA/798), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Chromogranin A is present in neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, including the neuroendocrine cells of the large and small intestine, adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets. It is an excellent marker for carcinoid tumors, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors. Co-expression of chromogranin A and neuron specific enolase (NSE) is common in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Reportedly, co-expression of certain keratins and chromogranin indicates neuroendocrine lineage. The presence of strong anti-chromogranin staining and absence of anti-keratin staining should raise the possibility of paraganglioma. The co-expression of chromogranin and NSE is typical of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Most pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas readily express chromogranin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like